英语翻译What do we mean when we talk of a civilization?A civilization is a cultural entity.Villages,regions,ethnic groups,nationalities,religious groups,all have distinct cultures at different levels of cultural heterogeneity.The culture of a vil

来源:学生作业帮助网 编辑:作业帮 时间:2024/05/15 06:57:21

英语翻译What do we mean when we talk of a civilization?A civilization is a cultural entity.Villages,regions,ethnic groups,nationalities,religious groups,all have distinct cultures at different levels of cultural heterogeneity.The culture of a vil
英语翻译
What do we mean when we talk of a civilization?A civilization is a cultural entity.Villages,regions,ethnic groups,nationalities,religious groups,all have distinct cultures at different levels of cultural heterogeneity.The culture of a village in southern Italy may be different from that of a village in northern Italy,but both will share in a common Italian culture that distinguishes them from German villages.European communities,in turn,will share cultural features that distinguish them from Arab or Chinese communities.Arabs,Chinese and Westerners,however,are not part of any broader cultural entity.They constitute civilizations.A civilization is thus the highest cultural grouping of people and the broadest level of cultural identity people have short of that which distinguishes humans from other species.It is defined both by common objective elements,such as language,history,religion,customs,institutions,and by the subjective self-identification of people.People have levels of identity:a resident of Rome may define himself with varying degrees of intensity as a Roman,an Italian,a Catholic,a Christian,a European,a Westerner.The civilization to which he belongs is the broadest level of identification with which he intensely identifies.People can and do redefine their identities and,as a result,the composition and boundaries of civilizations change.
Civilizations may involve a large number of people,as with China ("a civilization pretending to be a state," as Lucian Pye put it),or a very small number of people,such as the Anglophone Caribbean.A civilization may include several nation states,as is the case with Western,Latin American and Arab civilizations,or only one,as is the case with Japanese civilization.Civilizations obviously blend and overlap,and may include subcivilizations.Western civilization has two major variants,European and North American,and Islam has its Arab,Turkic and Malay subdivisions.Civilizations are nonetheless meaningful entities,and while the lines between them are seldom sharp,they are real.Civilizations are dynamic; they rise and fall; they divide and merge.And,as any student of history knows,civilizations disappear and are buried in the sands of time.
Westerners tend to think of nation states as the principal actors in global affairs.They have been that,however,for only a few centuries.The broader reaches of human history have been the history of civilizations.In A Study of History,Arnold Toynbee identified 21 major civilizations; only six of them exist in the contemporary world.

英语翻译What do we mean when we talk of a civilization?A civilization is a cultural entity.Villages,regions,ethnic groups,nationalities,religious groups,all have distinct cultures at different levels of cultural heterogeneity.The culture of a vil
我们究竟意味着当我们谈论一个文明?文明是一种文化实体.村庄,地区,种族群体,民族,宗教群体,都有独特的文化,不同层次的文化的异质性.文化的一个村庄在意大利南部可能有所不同,即北部的一个村庄意大利,但双方将分享一个共同的意大利文化的区别,他们从德国村庄.欧洲社区,反过来也将分享的文化特色区分来自阿拉伯或华人社区.阿拉伯人,华人和西方人,但没有参加任何更广泛的文化实体.他们构成了文明.一个文明,因此最高的文化团体,人民和广大的水平,文化身份的人有短期的那些区别人类从其他物种.它的定义是双方共同的客观因素,如语言,历史,宗教,习俗,机构,以及由主观的自我认同的人.有各级人民的身份:居民罗马可以定义自己不同程度的强度作为一个罗马,意大利,天主教,基督教,一个欧洲人,西方人.文明,以他所属的是最广泛的水平鉴定与他激烈确定.人可以做,重新界定他们的身份,作为一个结果,组成和边界的文明改变.
文明可能涉及了大量的人,作为与中国( “一个文明假装是一个国家” ,作为卢西安pye把它),或极少数人,如讲英语的加勒比地区.一个文明可能包括几个国家的情况一样,与西方,拉丁美洲和阿拉伯文明,或只有一个,就是这种情况与日本文明.文明显然共混物和重叠,并且还可能包括subcivilizations .西方文明有两个主要的变种,欧洲和北美,和伊斯兰教有其阿拉伯,突厥语和马来语区分.文明尽管如此,有意义的实体,而他们之间的界线是很少夏普,他们是真实的.文明是动态的,他们的兴衰;他们鸿沟和合并.而且,正如任何学生的历史众所周知,文明的消失和被埋葬在金沙的时间.
西方人倾向于认为民族国家作为主要的行动者在全球事务中.他们一直认为,然而,对于只有数百年.更广泛的达到了人类历史一直是文明史.在历史研究,阿诺德汤因比确定的21个主要文明,只有6个,他们存在于当代世界.

我们究竟意味着当我们谈论一个文明?文明是一种文化实体。村庄,地区,种族群体,民族,宗教群体,都有独特的文化,不同层次的文化的异质性。文化的一个村庄在意大利南部可能有所不同,即北部的一个村庄意大利,但双方将分享一个共同的意大利文化的区别,他们从德国村庄。欧洲社区,反过来也将分享的文化特色区分来自阿拉伯或华人社区。阿拉伯人,华人和西方人,但没有参加任何更广泛的文化实体。他们构成了文明。一个文明,因此最...

全部展开

我们究竟意味着当我们谈论一个文明?文明是一种文化实体。村庄,地区,种族群体,民族,宗教群体,都有独特的文化,不同层次的文化的异质性。文化的一个村庄在意大利南部可能有所不同,即北部的一个村庄意大利,但双方将分享一个共同的意大利文化的区别,他们从德国村庄。欧洲社区,反过来也将分享的文化特色区分来自阿拉伯或华人社区。阿拉伯人,华人和西方人,但没有参加任何更广泛的文化实体。他们构成了文明。一个文明,因此最高的文化团体,人民和广大的水平,文化身份的人有短期的那些区别人类从其他物种。它的定义是双方共同的客观因素,如语言,历史,宗教,习俗,机构,以及由主观的自我认同的人。有各级人民的身份:居民罗马可以定义自己不同程度的强度作为一个罗马,意大利,天主教,基督教,一个欧洲人,西方人。文明,以他所属的是最广泛的水平鉴定与他激烈确定。人可以做,重新界定他们的身份,作为一个结果,组成和边界的文明改变。
文明可能涉及了大量的人,作为与中国( “一个文明假装是一个国家” ,作为卢西安pye把它) ,或极少数人,如讲英语的加勒比地区。一个文明可能包括几个国家的情况一样,与西方,拉丁美洲和阿拉伯文明,或只有一个,就是这种情况与日本文明。文明显然共混物和重叠,并且还可能包括subcivilizations 。西方文明有两个主要的变种,欧洲和北美,和伊斯兰教有其阿拉伯,突厥语和马来语区分。文明尽管如此,有意义的实体,而他们之间的界线是很少夏普,他们是真实的。文明是动态的,他们的兴衰;他们鸿沟和合并。而且,正如任何学生的历史众所周知,文明的消失和被埋葬在金沙的时间。
西方人倾向于认为民族国家作为主要的行动者在全球事务中。他们一直认为,然而,对于只有数百年。更广泛的达到了人类历史一直是文明史。在历史研究,阿诺德汤因比确定的21个主要文明,只有6个,他们存在于当代世界。

收起